补充资料

价值说明

• 解决什么问题：给卖家补 COD 的全球背景——支付时点（收货时付款、不付款则退回）、对零售商的利与弊、单笔/每日收款限额，帮助理解泰国市场 COD 占比高、话术与拒收场景为何如此普遍。
• 比官方资料多了什么：大脑现有 wiki/01-term/cod 只讲平台语义（订单状态、结算时点、渠道属性、拒收流程）；本条补世界图景：印度电商主流、UAE/中东约 60% 线上交易走 COD、加拿大邮政现金限额 C$1,000 / 支票汇票 C$5,000、1980 年代初美加电视购物因拒付率高淘汰 COD 的先例。
• 可信度：Wikipedia 综述条目（CC BY-SA，可溯源引用），二手背景资料，非平台规则依据；涉及金额/比例的表述以原文为准，引用前需自行核实。

要点

• 定义：COD（Cash on delivery，也叫 payment on delivery / collect on delivery）指邮购/网购中「货到才付款」而非预先付款；货物未被付款则退回零售商。「cash」一词随支票、汇票、信用卡、借记卡普及常被换成「collect」。（原文「Cash on delivery (COD)... payment is made on delivery rather than in advance. If the goods are not paid for, they are returned to the retailer.」）
• 对零售商的好处：顾客无需信用卡即可购买；下单时不付款可能提升冲动消费；货到才付增强消费者对商家的信任。（原文「Advantages of COD for online or mail order retailers」一节）
• 对零售商的坏处：买家承诺度低、拒收/退回率高（美加电视购物 COD 因此在 1980 年代初被淘汰）；物流方对 COD 订单另收费用。（原文「Disadvantages of COD...」一节）
• 限额：多数运营商对每单/每日代收金额设上限，非现金支付上限通常更高；例：加拿大邮政现金 C$1,000，支票或汇票 C$5,000。（原文「Limits」一节）
• 新兴市场流行度：COD 在部分国家的电商仍很流行，小商家易于开通、买家不需要信用卡，且现金可免刷卡手续费；印度广泛使用，中东/阿联酋约 60% 线上交易走 COD，并催生了提供 COD 服务的快递公司。（原文「Popularity in the developing world」一节）

原文（Markdown）

Cash on delivery

Cash on delivery (COD), sometimes called payment on delivery, cash on demand, payment on demand or collect on delivery, is the sale of goods by mail order where payment is made on delivery rather than in advance. If the goods are not paid for, they are returned to the retailer. The term originally applied only to payment by cash, but as other forms of payment have become more common, the word "cash" has sometimes been replaced with the word "collect" to include transactions by checks, money orders, credit cards or debit cards.

Advantages and disadvantages for retailers

Advantages of COD for online or mail order retailers:

• The customer does not need to own a credit card to purchase.
• Impulse purchases may increase as payment is not due at the time of ordering.
• The credibility of retailers may be increased because the consumer only has to pay when the item is delivered.

Disadvantages of COD for online or mail order retailers:

• Orders might be returned as buyers are less committed to the purchase than if they had paid in advance (which led to the eventual elimination of C.O.D. with many TV offers in the United States and Canada by the early 1980s).
• Logistics partners charge additional fees for COD orders.

Limits

Most operators impose a limit on the amount of money that can be collected per delivery or per day using COD services. Limits may be higher for non-cash payments. Canada Post, for instance, applies a limit of C$1,000 for cash, but C$5,000 for payment by check or money order.

Popularity in the developing world

COD remains a popular option with internet-based retailers in some countries, since it is far easier to set up for small businesses and does not require the purchaser to have a credit card. Many small businesses prefer cash payments over credit card payments and offer discounts if paid in cash, as it avoids credit card processing fees.

COD is a widely used model in India. The overwhelming majority of e-shopping transactions in the Middle East are COD. Sixty percent of online transactions in the UAE and Middle East are done by cash on delivery, and this has also led to the growth of courier companies offering a COD service.